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October 8
451. The Council of Chalcedon, on the Asian side of the Bosporus, begins. The Fourth Ecumenical Council, it's decisions regarding the nature of Jesus Christ (full humanity and full divinity, and as second person of the Holy Trinity) are considered infallible as to their dogmatic determinations by both the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. Many, however, refused to accept its determinations, resulting in a major schism, especially in the eastern portion of what was then a (theoretically, at least) united Christian church.
1480. The Great Standoff on the Urga River begins -- a series of small clashes along the Urga River which results in Muscovy thwarting an attempt by the Great Horde (an offshoot/descendant of the Golden Horde, which was itself a part of the greater Mongol empire) to penalize it for failing to pay tribute as it had for something like 150 years. It is the first in a series of steps that leads to the end of Turko/Tartar/Mongol rule in that region.
1871. Four major fires break out along the shores of Lake Michigan, including the Great Chicago Fire.
1956. Don Larsen pitches the only perfect game in a World Series. A career journeyman pitcher, he went 3-21 with the Baltimore Orioles in 1954, which accounts for his overall losing record of 81-91. He had only two ten win seasons in his 14 year career. His start on this date was a surprise, since he had been yanked after only two innings a few days prior, during Game 2 of the World Series, when he allowed four runs and four walks.
1956. This same date, Vivien Larsen, wife of Don Larsen -- who was busy pitching a perfect game -- filed for divorce.
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