The Beryllium Thread

[Simplex3]

I'm putting this in here so that it won't hang around the top of the lounge while I cut and paste information in to post after post.

This is part of my ongoing offseaon attempt to get us ranked on the first page of some search engine(s) when nerds search for "beryllium".

Before you PM me with "Why?", the answer is simply that I am sitting around reading log files at work and cutting and pasting into this thread requires absolutely NO mental stress.

[crazycoffey]

Beryllium je desetinásobně dražší než zlato a zpracovat ho dokáže jen několik specializovaných firem. Focal při konstrukci šasi Electra Be využívá osvědčenou formu inverzní kaloty, kterou poprvé představil v roce 1982, a neodymový magnet. Průměr inverzní kaloty je 25 mm. Celý vysokotónový systém je k ozvučnici připevněn pomocí masivního hliníkového panelu, v čelní části výrazně zaobleného, což zamezuje nežádoucím difrakcím (odrazu zvukových vln od hran) a přispívá k holografické prostorovosti zvukového obrazu.

[crazycoffey]

Beryllium is a light gray metal discovered by Nicholas Louis Vauquelin in 1797. This metal has four protons, and 5 neutrons. Beryllium is used in space shuttles, missiles, communications satellites, and X-ray tubes. It is the forth atom on the Periodic Table of Elements, and is also used in the nuclear industry. The early Egyptians used beryllium alloys and Emeralds for showy occasions.

[crazycoffey]

[crazycoffey]

Gezondheidseffecten van Beryllium

Beryllium is geen element dat cruciaal is voor mensen; in feite is het een van de meest giftige chemicaliën die we kennen. Het is een metaal dat heel gevaarlijk is als mensen het inademen, omdat het de longen kan beschadigen en longontsteking kan veroorzaken.
Het meest bekende effect van beryllium wordt berylliosis genoemd, een gevaarlijke en hardnekkige longziekte die ook andere organen, zoals het hart kan beschadigen. 20% van alle mensen die deze ziekte krijgen, sterven er ook aan. Het inademen van beryllium op de werkplaats veroorzaakt berylliosis. Mensen die een verzwakt immuunsysteem hebben, zijn zeer vatbaar voor deze ziekte.

[crazycoffey]

[crazycoffey]

good sign

[crazycoffey]

Policy Analysis and Clinical Research on Occupational Beryllium Exposure at DOE Sites

R A Ponce
T K Takaro
S M Bartell
A J Jabbour
K Ertell
J Abbotts
S Barnhart
and E M Faustman

Worker Safety and CRESP and School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
This research supported in part by CRESP through the Department of Energy Cooperative Agreement #DE-FC01-95EW55084. This support does not constitute endorsement of views expressed. Introduction

The US Department of Energy has used beryllium in nuclear materials production, reactor rod fabrication, nuclear vessel cladding and many other uses since the 1940s. The industrial use of beryllium was found to result in an acute respiratory disease, acute beryllium disease, leading the Atomic Energy Commission to establish an airborne concentration standard of 2 µg/m3 for the workplace based on then accepted standards for other metals. Adoption of this standard has effectively eliminated the presence of acute beryllium disease. However, epidemiologic studies carried out during the 1980-90s has revealed the presence of another form of lung disease, chronic beryllium disease (CBD), among workers at US DOE sites. In 1997, the Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP) began a series of research efforts to investigate the prevalence of CBD among former beryllium workers at Hanford, evaluation of alternatives to the current screening tools for identifying pre-clinical disease, and policy implications of alternative occupational health program designs to reduce disease incidence among future beryllium workers, such as those involved in decontamination and decommissioning former beryllium facilities. This poster describes the scope of CRESP beryllium research efforts and the implications of this research to beryllium workers at US DOE sites.

[crazycoffey]

[crazycoffey]

[crazycoffey]

[crazycoffey]

[crazycoffey]

BERYLLIUM

[crazycoffey]

Orange rim surrounding a pink core in a beryllium-treated orange sapphire from Madagascar. The color rim is visible when the gem is immersed in di-iodomethane and is evidence of a treatment. In stones where the beryllium penetrates all the way through the gem, detection is extremely difficult without sophisticated chemical analysis.
Just a few parts per million of beryllium can alter the color of a gem. LIBS promises to dramatically reduce the cost of unmasking this treatment. (Photo: Richard Hughes/Pala International

[crazycoffey]

Each of those colored balls is an electron. In an atom, the electrons spin around the center, also called the nucleus. The electrons like to be in separate shells. Shell number one can only hold 2 electrons, shell two can hold 8, and for the first eighteen elements shell three can hold a maximum of eight electrons. As you learn about elements with more than eighteen electrons you will find that shell three can hold more than eight. Once one shell is full, the next electron that is added has to move to the next shell.

So... for the element of BERYLLIUM, you already know that the atomic number tells you the number of electrons. That means there are 4 electrons in a beryllium atom. Looking at the picture, you can see there are two electrons in shell one and two in shell two.

[crazycoffey]